Tankin ajiyar ruwa ammonia
Liquid ammonia yana cikin jerin sinadarai masu haɗari saboda abubuwan ƙonewa, fashewar abubuwa, da abubuwan guba.Dangane da “Gano Manyan Madogaran Matsalolin Sinadarai masu Hatsari” (GB18218-2009), mahimmin ƙarar ajiyar ammonia fiye da tan 10 *** ya zama babban tushen haɗari.Duk tankunan ajiyar ammonia na ruwa an rarraba su azaman nau'ikan tasoshin matsa lamba uku.Yanzu bincika halaye masu haɗari da haɗari yayin samarwa da aiki na tankin ajiya na ammonia, da ba da shawarar wasu matakan rigakafi da gaggawa don guje wa haɗari.
Binciken haɗari na tankin ajiya na ammonia ruwa yayin aiki
Abubuwan da ke da haɗari na ammonia
Ammoniya iskar gas ce mara launi kuma mai bayyanawa tare da ƙamshi mai ƙamshi, wanda a sauƙaƙe ana zuba shi cikin ruwa ammonia.Ammoniya ya fi iska da sauƙi kuma yana iya narkewa cikin ruwa.Tunda ruwa ammonia yana da sauƙin canzawa cikin iskar ammonia, lokacin da ammonia da iska suka haɗu zuwa wani takamaiman rabo, ana iya fallasa shi zuwa buɗe wuta, matsakaicin iyaka shine 15-27%, a cikin iska na yanayi na bitar ***** * Matsayin da aka yarda shine 30mg/m3.Zubar da iskar ammonia na iya haifar da guba, haushi ga idanu, mucosa na huhu, ko fata, kuma akwai haɗarin ƙonewar sinadarai masu sanyi.
Binciken haɗari na samarwa da tsarin aiki
1. Kula da matakin ammonia
Idan adadin sakin ammoniya ya yi sauri sosai, ikon sarrafa matakin ruwa ya yi ƙasa sosai, ko sauran gazawar sarrafa kayan aiki, da dai sauransu, iskar gas mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi za ta tsere zuwa cikin tankin ajiyar ammonia na ruwa, wanda ke haifar da matsananciyar ƙarfi a cikin tankin ajiya. yawan zubar da ammonia, wanda ke da illa sosai.Kula da matakin ammonia yana da matukar mahimmanci.
2. Iyawar ajiya
Ƙarfin ajiya na tankin ajiya na ammonia ruwa ya wuce 85% na ƙarar tankin ajiya, kuma matsa lamba ya wuce kewayon ma'aunin sarrafawa ko kuma ana yin aikin a cikin tankin ammonia mai jujjuyawar ruwa.Idan ba a bi ƙa'idodi da matakai a cikin ƙa'idodin aiki ba, zubar da matsi fiye da kima zai faru***** *haɗari.
3. Liquid ammonia cika
Lokacin da ruwa ammonia ya cika, ba a yin fiye da kima daidai da ƙa'idodi, kuma fashewar bututun mai zai haifar da zubewa da haɗari masu guba.
Binciken haɗari na kayan aiki da kayan aiki
1. Zane, dubawa, da kuma kula da tankunan ajiyar ruwa na ammonia sun ɓace ko a'a, kuma na'urorin tsaro irin su matakan matakan, ma'aunin matsa lamba, da bawul ɗin tsaro suna da lahani ko ɓoye, wanda zai iya haifar da haɗari na zubar da tanki.
2. A lokacin rani ko lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi girma, tankin ajiyar ruwa na ammonia ba a sanye shi da rumfa, tsayayyen ruwan feshi mai sanyaya da sauran wuraren kariya kamar yadda ake buƙata, wanda zai haifar da zubewar tankin ajiya.
3. Lalacewa ko gazawar kariyar walƙiya da wuraren hana tsayawa ko ƙasa na iya haifar da girgiza wutar lantarki ga tankin ajiya.
4. Rashin gazawar samar da ƙararrawa na tsari, tsaka-tsaki, taimako na gaggawa na gaggawa, ƙararrawar gas mai ƙonewa da mai guba da sauran na'urori za su haifar da haɗari mai haɗari ko haɓakar tankin ajiya.
Matakan rigakafin haɗari
Matakan rigakafi don aiwatar da aikin samarwa
1. Tsantsar aiwatar da hanyoyin aiki
Kula da aikin fitar da ammonia a cikin ginshiƙan roba, sarrafa matakin ruwa na giciye mai sanyi da rabuwar ammonia, kiyaye matakin ruwa a cikin kewayon 1/3 zuwa 2/3, kuma hana matakin ruwa daga zama ƙasa kaɗan ko yayi girma sosai.
2. Kula da matsi na tankin ajiyar ruwa ammonia
Adadin ajiya na ammoniya ruwa bazai wuce 85% na adadin tankin ajiya ba.Yayin samarwa na yau da kullun, ya kamata a sarrafa tankin ajiyar ammonia na ruwa a ƙaramin matakin, gabaɗaya cikin kashi 30% na amintaccen ƙarar cikawa, don guje wa ajiyar ammonia saboda zafin yanayi.Haɓaka haɓakawa da haɓakar matsa lamba zai haifar da wuce gona da iri a cikin tankin ajiya.
3. Kariya ga ruwa ammonia cika
Ya kamata ma'aikatan da suka shigar da ammonia su wuce ilimin tsaro na ƙwararru da horo kafin su iya ɗaukar mukamansu.Ya kamata su saba da aikin, halaye, hanyoyin aiki, tsarin kayan haɗi, ƙa'idar aiki, halaye masu haɗari na ammonia na ruwa da matakan gaggawa na gaggawa.
Kafin cika, ya kamata a tabbatar da ingancin takaddun shaida kamar tabbacin gwajin jiki na tanki, lasisin amfani da tanki, lasisin tuƙi, takaddun rakiya, da izinin sufuri.Kayan na'urorin aminci ya kamata su kasance cikakke kuma masu hankali, kuma binciken ya kamata ya cancanta;matsa lamba a cikin tanki kafin cika yakamata ya zama ƙasa.Kasa da 0.05 MPa;ya kamata a duba aikin bututun haɗin ammonia.
Ma'aikatan da suka shigar da ammonia yakamata su bi ka'idodin aiki na tankin ajiyar ruwa na ammonia, kuma kula da girman cikawar da bai wuce 85% na girman tankin ajiya ba yayin cikawa.
Ma'aikatan da suka shigar da ammonia dole ne su sanya abin rufe fuska na gas da safar hannu masu kariya;ya kamata a sanya wurin da kayan aikin kashe gobara da na gas;a lokacin cikawa, ba dole ba ne su bar wurin, da kuma ƙarfafa duban tankunan tanki, flanges na bututun bututu don ɗigogi, da dai sauransu, iskar gas ɗin tankar mai a sake sarrafa shi zuwa tsarin daidai kuma kada a fitar da shi yadda ya kamata.Idan akwai wani yanayi mara kyau kamar zubewa, daina cika nan da nan, kuma a ɗauki ingantattun matakai don hana hatsarori da ba zato ba tsammani.
Za a gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun na wuraren shigarwa na ammonia, matakan da matakai a kowace rana, kuma za a yi bayanan dubawa da cikawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-31-2021
