A safiyar ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2021, an ƙaddamar da samfurin injiniyan maglev mai saurin gudu da kuma layin gwaji na farko a duniya wanda aka yi amfani da fasahar asali ta Jami'ar Southwest Jiaotong a hukumance a Chengdu, Lardin Sichuan, China. Wannan ya nuna ci gaba tun daga farko a binciken aikin maglev mai saurin gudu da zafin jiki mai ƙarfi a China kuma ƙasarmu tana da yanayin gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen injiniya.
Shari'a ta Farko a Duniya; Ƙirƙiri Wani Abu Mai Gabatarwa
Aikin gwajin fasahar levitation mai ƙarfin zafi mai ƙarfi shine na farko a duniya. Yana wakiltar masana'antar China mai hazaka kuma ya haifar da misali a fannin superconductivity mai ƙarfin zafi mai yawa.
Fasahar jirgin ƙasa mai ƙarfin maglev mai ƙarfin zafi tana da fa'idodin rashin kwanciyar hankali, tsari mai sauƙi, adana makamashi, babu gurɓataccen sinadarai da hayaniya, aminci da jin daɗi, da ƙarancin kuɗin aiki. Sabuwar nau'in sufuri ce mai kyau ta jirgin ƙasa, wacce ta dace da nau'ikan yankuna daban-daban na gudu, musamman ma ta dace da aikin layukan sauri da sauri; Wannan fasaha fasaha ce ta jirgin ƙasa mai ƙarfin maglev mai ƙarfin zafi tare da dakatawa kai tsaye, jagora kai tsaye, da kuma daidaita kai. Sabuwar hanya ce ta jigilar jirgin ƙasa ta yau da kullun wacce ke fuskantar ci gaba a nan gaba da fa'idodin aikace-aikace masu faɗi. Fasahar za a fara ƙera ta a cikin yanayi mai yanayi, kuma ƙimar da ake tsammanin saurin aiki ya fi kilomita 600/h, wanda ake sa ran zai ƙirƙiri sabon tarihi don saurin zirga-zirgar ƙasa a cikin yanayi mai yanayi.
Mataki na gaba shine haɗa fasahar bututun iska na gaba don haɓaka cikakken tsarin sufuri wanda ke cike gibin da ke cikin saurin sufuri na ƙasa da na sararin samaniya, wanda zai shimfida harsashin ci gaba na dogon lokaci a cikin saurin da ya wuce kilomita 1000/h, ta haka ne za a gina sabon tsarin sufuri na ƙasa. Canje-canje masu ban sha'awa da rikice-rikice a cikin ci gaban sufuri na jirgin ƙasa.
△ Zane-zane na gaba △
Fasahar Magnetic Levitation
A halin yanzu, akwai fasahohin "super magnetic levitation" guda uku a duniya.
Fasahar levitation ta lantarki a Jamus:
Ana amfani da ƙa'idar lantarki don cimma matsaya tsakanin jirgin ƙasa da layin dogo. A halin yanzu, jirgin ƙasa mai kama da maglev na Shanghai, jirgin ƙasa mai kama da maglev da ake ginawa a Changsha da Beijing duk suna cikin wannan jirgin.
Fasahar levitation mai amfani da ƙarfin zafi ta Japan mai ƙarancin zafi:
Yi amfani da halayen superconductor na wasu kayan a yanayin zafi mai ƙanƙanta (an sanyaya zuwa -269°C tare da helium mai ruwa) don sa jirgin ya yi tsalle, kamar layin maglev na Shinkansen a Japan.
Fasahar levitation mai ƙarfin zafi mai ƙarfi ta China:
Ka'idar dai iri ɗaya ce da ta ƙananan zafin jiki, amma yanayin zafin aikinsa shine -196°C.
A gwaje-gwajen da aka yi a baya, wannan na'urar maganadisu a ƙasarmu ba wai kawai za a iya dakatar da ita ba, har ma da dakatar da ita.
△ Ruwa nitrogen da superconductors △
Fa'idodin Jirgin Maglev Mai Zafi Mai Zafi Mai Kyau
Ajiye makamashi:Tsarin sarrafawa da jagora ba sa buƙatar sarrafawa mai aiki ko samar da wutar lantarki ta abin hawa, kuma tsarin yana da sauƙi. Ana buƙatar sanyaya da kuma jagora ne kawai da ruwa mai rahusa (77 K), kuma kashi 78% na iskar nitrogen ce.
Kare Muhalli:Levitation mai ƙarfin zafi mai ƙarfi na maganadisu na iya zama levitation ta hanyar static, gaba ɗaya ba tare da hayaniya ba; hanyar maganadisu ta dindindin tana haifar da filin maganadisu mai tsauri, kuma filin maganadisu a wurin da fasinjoji ke taɓawa sifili ne, kuma babu gurɓataccen lantarki.
Babban gudu:Ana iya tsara tsayin levitation (10~30 mm) kamar yadda ake buƙata, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don gudana daga tsayayye zuwa ƙasa, matsakaici, babban gudu da kuma babban gudu. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran fasahar levitation na maganadisu, ya fi dacewa da jigilar bututun iska (fiye da kilomita 1000/h).
Tsaro:Ƙarfin levitation yana ƙaruwa sosai tare da raguwar tsayin levitation, kuma ana iya tabbatar da amincin aiki ba tare da sarrafawa a tsaye ba. Tsarin jagora mai daidaita kansa kuma yana iya tabbatar da aiki lafiya a kwance.
Jin Daɗi:"Ƙarfin ɗaurewa" na musamman na superconductor mai zafi yana sa jikin motar ya daidaita sama da ƙasa, wanda hakan kwanciyar hankali ne da ke da wahalar cimmawa ga kowace mota. Abin da fasinjoji ke fuskanta lokacin hawa shine "jin babu ji".
Ƙarancin kuɗin aiki:Idan aka kwatanta da motocin levitation na maganadisu na Jamus da motocin levitation na maganadisu masu ƙarancin zafin jiki na Japan waɗanda ke amfani da helium mai ruwa, yana da fa'idodin nauyi mai sauƙi, tsari mai sauƙi, da ƙarancin kuɗin masana'antu da aiki.
Amfani da Nitrogen Mai Ruwa a Kimiyya da Fasaha
Saboda halayen superconductors, superconductor yana buƙatar a nutsar da shi a cikin yanayin ruwa na nitrogen a -196℃ yayin aiki.
Levitation na maganadisu mai yawan zafin jiki wata fasaha ce da ke amfani da halayen magnetic flux pinning na kayan babban zafin jiki mai yawan zafin jiki don cimma daidaituwar levitation ba tare da sarrafawa mai aiki ba.
Motar Cika Nitrogen Mai Ruwa
Motar cika sinadarin nitrogen mai ruwa-ruwa samfurin Sichuan Haishengjie Cryogenic Technology Co., Ltd. ne ya tsara kuma ya ƙirƙiro ta don aikin maglev mai saurin gaske mai zafi-zafi. Ita ce ginshiƙin fasahar maglev-Dewar.
△ Amfani da Motar Cika Nitrogen ta Ruwa a Filin △
Za a iya aiwatar da aikin ƙira ta hannu, sake cika sinadarin nitrogen na ruwa kai tsaye kusa da jirgin.
Tsarin cika ruwa mai sinadarin nitrogen mai sarrafa kansa zai iya samar da ruwa mai sinadarin nitrogen guda 6 a lokaci guda.
Tsarin sarrafawa mai zaman kansa mai hanyoyi shida, kowane tashar sake cikawa za a iya sarrafa shi daban-daban.
Kariya mai ƙarancin matsin lamba, kare ciki na Dewar yayin aiwatar da sake cikawa.
Kariyar ƙarfin lantarki mai aminci na 24V.
Tankin Samar da Kaya Mai Matsi
Tanki ne mai matsi wanda aka ƙera musamman don adana sinadarin nitrogen mai ruwa. Kullum yana dogara ne akan tsarin ƙira mai aminci, ingancin masana'antu mai kyau da kuma tsawon lokacin ajiya na sinadarin nitrogen mai ruwa.
△ Jerin Kariyar Nitrogen na Ruwa △
△ Amfani da tankin samar da kayayyaki mai matsin lamba a fili △
Aikin yana ci gaba
Kwanaki kaɗan da suka gabata, mun yi aiki tare da ƙwararru daga Jami'ar Southwest Jiaotong
An gudanar da binciken da aka yi bayan aikin maglev mai saurin gaske mai zafi mai zafi
△ Wurin Karatu △
Muna matukar alfahari da samun damar shiga wannan aikin farko a wannan karon. A nan gaba, za mu kuma ci gaba da yin hadin gwiwa da aikin bincike na gaba na aikin don cimma duk wani mataki na gaba don wannan aikin farko.
Mun yi imani
Tabbas kimiyya da fasaha ta kasar Sin za ta yi nasara
Makomar China cike take da abubuwan da ake tsammani
Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-13-2021
